The development histories of the major natural science collections under the current administration of the Estonian University of Life Sciences are diverse. The first group consists of teaching collections that originated in connection with the provision of education in agriculture, veterinary medicine, and forestry. The second group comprises collections that came under the university’s administration during the reform of Estonian research institutions.
The balance between teaching and research activities associated with these collections varies, and there is no sharp division between them; all are linked to degree programs. At the bachelor level, the soil museum is most prominent, serving as the basis for several courses (covering topics such as Estonian soils and various chapters from the basic and general soil science curricula) as well as for Zoomeedicum, which participates in the training of veterinarians. Classic museum-type collections include the Lake Museum located at the Võrtsjärv Limnology Centre and Zoomeedicum. Other collections also contain sufficiently attractive material that deserves to be exhibited online.
On June 29, 2005, the EMÜ Council adopted a regulation which, among other points, stated that a plan for the development of natural and agricultural science collections should be devised. As a result, an interdisciplinary unit named “Loodusteaduslikud kogud” was established. Its statutes were approved by the university council on November 29, 2007, and the unit began its activities in 2008. The objective of the unit is to ensure the preservation, organization, and enhancement of all the university’s natural science collections, as well as to create databases for these collections and make them accessible to researchers. The plan for the development of the collections was approved by the university council on May 26, 2008.
The vascular plant and bryophyte herbarium (TAA) at the Estonian University of Life Sciences' Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences is Estonia’s second-largest botanical collection.
Putukate kogu on moodustunud paljude entomoloogide üle 50 aasta väldanud nii faunistilise kui ka biosüstemaatilise uurimistöö tulemusena. Lisaks nendele on siia deponeeritud ka rida erakollektsioone.
Polli Aiandusuuringute Keskus tegeleb puuviljanduse teadustööga, sealhulgas sordiaretuse, kasvatustehnoloogiate, taimekaitse ja maheviljeluse uurimisega.
Hüdrobioloogiline kogu on teaduslik andmekogu, mis sisaldab veekogudest kogutud proove, fotosid ja andmeid. Seda kasutatakse teadusuuringuteks, keskkonnaseireks ja veekogude seisundi hindamiseks.
Eesti Maaülikooli veekogude fotokogu talletab pilte järvedest ja jõgedest, aidates uurida nende muutusi ajas ning toetades teadustööd, keskkonnaseiret ja looduskaitset.
Seenekogus ehk fungaariumis hoitakse seeni kahel erineval moel – suurem jagu on kuivatatud viljakehadena hoiukappides.
Mullamuuseum koondab infot muldade omaduste, arengu ja leviku kohta, toetades teadust ja õpet. Eesmärgiks on parandada teabe kättesaadavust ning edendada jätkusuutlikku loodusressursside kasutamist.